???????? & ???????? ???????

???????? ??????? ??? ???????? ?????????

?? ??????? ??? ? ????????? ???????????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ????????? ??? ???????, ????????? ??? ????????????????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ??????, ?????????????? ??? ????????? ??? ???????????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ????????? ??? ?????????.???? ?????? ??? ????????? ????????? ? ????????????, ?????? ??? ?????????? ??? ??? ????, ???? ??? ??? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ??????????????.? ?????????, ??? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ??????? ??? ????????? ???, ???????????? ???? ????,?? ??? ?????? ????????????? ?? ???????.

??? ???? ???? ????? ???????????,??? ???? ? ???????????? ???????? ?? ???????? ??? ????????? ????? ???. ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ????????? ??????????? ???? ??? ?????,?????? ?????? ?? ?????????? , ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ? ???????? ???????????? ??????? ??? ? ?????? ??? ?????????. ??? ????? ??? ?????? ??????????? ???? ??? ????????. ? ???????? ?????? ??? ???? ????????. ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ? ?????????? ???? ??????????? ??? ??????? ???? ???????????. ?? ??????? ????, ???? ?????? ?????, ???????? ??? ?? ??? ? ???????? ???? ???????, ?????? ??????? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ???? ? ?????????, ? ??????? ??? ? ???? ??? ?????.? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ???????????? ??? ???????? ??? ? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ????????????? ??? ????? ????? ??????????.

???? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ? ???????? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ?????????????, ???????? ?? ?????????? ???? ??????????? ??? ???? ????????? ???? ? ???????? ??????? ???? ????????????. ? ????????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ???????????? ????? ??? ??????. ?? ??????? ?????????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ??????????? ??? ????????, ?? ???? ????????? ???? ?? ?????????? ???? ??????????? ?????????. ? ??????? ?????? ??? ????????????? ???? ???? ??????????? ??? ???????????? ??? ??? ??????????, ???? ??? ? ???? ?? ??????? ??????????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????????? ???.

?? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? , ? ??????? ??? ???????????? ??????? ?? ????????? ?????. ??? ????? ?????? ? ???????? ?????? ??? ?????????? ??? ??????? ??? ?????, ??? ???????? ?? ???? ?????????? ???, ???????? ??? ? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ???????.????? ? ??????????????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ? ??????? ???????? ???????, ??? ??? ???? ????? ??? ????????? ?????????? ?? ??????????? ???????? ???? ???????, ??? ?????? ?? ???.? ???????????? ???????? ??? ??? ????????? ???? ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?????????. ??? ???????? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ???????????, ?? ???????? ??? ?? ????????? ??? ??????? ?????????? ????? ???? ???????????.?? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ?????????? ??? ?????? ??? ??????????? ??? ?? ??????????.? ???????????? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ??????????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??? , ??? ??????? ??? ????????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ????????? ???? ???? ????????? ??? ?????????.

???????? ??? ? ????? ????? ??? ??????????? ???? ??? ??????, ?????????? ??? ???? ???? ??, ??? ????????? ??? ? ???????? ???????? ?? ????? ??????????? ??? ????????? ?? ??????????? ????? ??? ?? ?????????? ???? ???????????? ????????.???? ? ???????????? ???????? ??? ????????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??? ???, ??? ???? ? ???? ???? ????????.?????? ?? ???????? ??? ????????? ?? ????????????? ?????? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ???????, ????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ??? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ???????? ?????????????. ???� ??? ???? ????, ??? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ????????? ???? ?????? ??? ????????????? ???? ????????. ? ??????? ??? ??????????? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ?? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ???????.??? ?? ?????? ???????????, ???? ? ???????????? ??? ???????? ?? ??????? ??? ???????, ? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ????????? ??? ????? ???, ??? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?????????? ???????.??????? ??? ??????? ??? ??????,??? ?? ??????? ??? ???????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ???? ???? ???????, ??? ?? ??????? ??? ???????????? ??? ????????, ???? ???? ? ???????? ?????? ???.

??? ?????, ?? ? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ????????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????????, ???? ???????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? , ????? ?? ????????? ????????. ? ???? ??? ??????????? ???? ????????? ?? ???????? ?????? ? ?????? ,???? ??? ????????, ???? ?????????, ???? ???????? , ???? ??????? ??? ???? ????????.?? ??? ?????????? ????? ????????????? ??? ???? ??? ???????, ??? ????? ??????? ? ????? ??? ????????????. ?? ????? ????? ????? ????????? ??? ???????????? ???????????.� ???? ????? ????????? ??????????? ????????? , ????? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ??????????? ?? ?????????, ???? ?? ?????????? ??? ??????????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ???????? ?????????? ????? ??? ??????? ???????????.

???? ??????? ????????? ???????? ????????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ?????, ??? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????????? ??????????. ?? ????? ???? ?????????? ? ????????????? ??? ????? ???? ? ?????????? ??? ???? ? ???? ??? ????????????????? ???? ???????? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ? ??? ????? ??????. ???? ? ???? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ????????? ???, ??? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?? ????? ????????? ??????????? ?????????? ??? ??????. ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????????? ????????????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ??????????, ??? ?? ???????? ????????? ?? ?????????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ????????? ??? ???? ???????????.??? ????? ??? ???????????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ??????, ???? ???????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ????, ???? ?? ??? ????? ? ???? ???? ?????????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ?????????????. ?? ??? ??????? ??? ?????, ? ???? ??? ????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???????? ??? ??????? ???, ??? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ????????? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ???????. ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?????????? ??? ??????? ???? ? ?????????. ?? ??? ?????????? ??? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ??????????? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ????. ?? ??? ????? ? ????????? ?????????? ????, ?? ??? ???????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ?????????.? ???? ??? ???????????? ??? 6?�??? 7?�??.,??? ??? ??????????? ???? ?? ???????????? , ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????????, ???? ??? ?? ???????? ????.

???? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ???????? ??? ????????? ??????? ??? ??????? , ???? ?? ?????????? ???? ??? ?? ???????? ???? ???? ??????? ????????????? ??? ???????. ? ???? ? ??�????????? ??? ?? ?????????? ??? ?????????, ????? ??? ????? ????????? ??? ????????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ?????.?? ???? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ? ???????? ??? ?? ??????????? ???? ? ??? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ????? ???, ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?????.? ?????????? ???????????? ??????? ??? ????????? ???? ??? ??????????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ???.

? ??????????? ??????? ???? ??????????? ??? ??????????? ???? ???? ?? ?????. ?? ??? ? ???????? ???? ? ???? ???? ??? ?????, ? ????? ????????? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ???????????.???? ? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????????? ? ????????, ? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ????????? ??? ?? ???? ?????.?????? ?????????? ??????????? ?? ?????????????? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???????????? ?? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ????????????? ??? ?? ??? ???????? ??????? ??? ?????????. ? ?????? ??? ???????????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ???????????? ??? ????? ???? ? ????????? ?�, ???? ? ?????????? ??? ?????? ????????. ? ???????????? ????? ??? ??????? ????, ?? ????? ????? ? ???? ??? ??? ????????? ??????? ??? ??????????. ?? ??? ???????? ??????????, ???????? ??? ?????? ??? ??????????? ??? ??? ????????? ?????????, ??? ?????????? ?? 529. ??????, ?? 533 ?????????? ???? ?????????, ??? ????????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ???????????, ??? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ?????????? ?????? ??? ?????????????? ??????. ????? ?? ????? ??? ????????? ??? ????????? ?????? ??? ??????, ??? ??? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???????????? ?????????, ?? ?????????? ??? ?? ?????????????? ????????? ??????.

?? ????? ??? ???????????? ?????????? ???????????? ??? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????????? ?? ???????? , ??? ??????? ? ??? ???????? ?????, ???� ??? ??? ???????? ??? ?????????.?? ?????????? ???????? ???? ???? ????????? ?????? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ?????????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ????? ??????, ???� ??? ??? ???? ?????????? ?????????????, ?? ???????????.????? ??? ?????????? ???? ??????, ???????? ???? ??? ??????????? ?????? ???? ? ???? ?� ? ???????.?? 739 ??????? ??? ??????? , ????????? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ????????? ??? ???????????? ????? ??? ?????????.????????? ??? ???????? ?????, ???????? ?? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ???? ???????? ????? ?????????? ???? ???????? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?????????.

? ????????? ? ????????? ???? ????????????? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ???????? ????, ??? ?? ?????????? ???? ??????? ???� ???? ????? ??? ???? ???????? ???????????? ????????, ???? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ?????????, ???? ????? ????????? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ????????. ? ???? ???, ? ???? ??�, ??????? ?? ????????, ??? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ? ???????? ???? ?????? ???????? ??? ?? ????? ? ???? ?????????? ?? ??????? ??????.?? ??? ?? ????????? ??????????? ??? ????????? ??? ????????? ??? ????????????, ????????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ????????????? ?? ???????. ?? ????? ???? ?????, ?? ???????????? ?????? ????????? ???? ?? ????? ??????????? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ????????? ?????????? ???????? ???? ??? ?? ????????? ????????? ?? ???????? ??? ?????????.?? ???????? ???? ? ????????? ???????? ????????????? ???? ????????????? ??????????? ????????. ??? ???? ??? ??????, ? ?????????? ????????????? ??? ???????????? ???????????? ?? ?????????? ??? ????????? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ????????.?? ????????????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ?? 1175 ??????? ? ???????? ??????? ??? ??? ????????? ?????????? ?????????, ? ?????????? ??????? ?????????????? ???????.

?? ????????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ????????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????, ???? ?????? ??????????? ?? ????? ??? ?????????, ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ???????? ? ???????????? ??? ??????????? ? ???????? ?????? ??? 9?�??. ??? ? ???????????? ????????? ?? 1045. ? ???????????? ???? ???????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ???????????? ??? ???? ?? ????????? ???? ????? ???. ? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??? ??? ???????? ?? ????? ???????? ?????, ??? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ?????????????.� ???? ?????????? ????????? ??? ????????????? ??? ????? ?????????, ?? ???? ??? ?????? ??????????? ??? ??? ????????. ?? ?????? ??? ?? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ??????? ????????? ????????? ?? ?????????? , ???????? ??? ????????? ? ???????????? ????? ???????? ???? ???????? ??? ?????????. ??? ????????????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????, ?? ?????? ???? ??????????? ????????? ??? ??? ???????????? ?????? ?????????? ???????.� ?? ????????, ?? ?????? ????????? ??? ????? ? ???????? ??????????? ???????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ????????? ???????????, ???? ???? ????????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????????. ??? ????? ??? ???????? ? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ??????????????? ??? ????????? ??????, ???? ??? ????? ??? ?????????????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ??????????? ??? ????? ??? ???????, ??? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ????????.

? ??????? ? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ??????????? ??? ???????, ???????????? ??? ??????????????, ??? ?? ??????? ??? ???????? ??????????????. ? ????? ????? ??? ?????, ????? ??? ?????????????? ???????????, ??????????? ????? ?????. ???? ????? ?? ????????????, ????? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ????????????? ???????. ?????, ??? ???? ???????? ??? ???? ???????? ????? ???? ? ???????????????, ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ??????????? ??? ??????????? ???? ???????, ?? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ? ????????????.?? ??????????????? ?????????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ? ???? ???? ???????. ? ??????????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?? ????????? ?????? ???? ? ?????????, ?????? ??? ??????????? ? ????? ???????????? ??? ?????? ?????????????. ?? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ??? 10???. ????????????? ? ?????? ??? ?????????, ??? ???? ???????? ??? ????????.?? ?????? ????? ????????????? ?? ??? ?????.?? ???????? ????? ????????? ??? 4?�??. ?? ???????? ??????? ????????, ???? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ?????????? ?? ???????., ??? ????? ??????????? ?? ??????????, ????????? ??? ?????????? ???????.??? ???????????????? ??? ????????? ? ??????? ??? ?????, ??? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????

.? ???????? ?????????? ??? ??????????? ???? ? ????????? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ?? ???????? ??????????? ???????????? ???? ? ????? ??? ????? ????????, ??? ?????????????? ?? ?????????? ??? ???????? ??? ? ????? ??? ?????? ???????, ??? ????????????? ?? ?????????? ??? ???????????. ? ????????????? ?????????? ??? ???????? ???? ????� ? ????????? ??? ????????, ??? ???? ?????????? ???? ??? ????????? ?????????. ???? ??????????, ?????????? ??? ???????????? ??? ??? ???????? ????????? ??? ?? ???????????? ??? ??????????????? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ??????????????.???? ???????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ?????????? ???? ??????? ??? ????????? ???? ???????? ????.??? 6?�??? 7?�??. ?????? ???????? ?????????????? ??? ??????? ????????????? ??? ???????, ? ???????????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ? ???????? ??? ???????.? ???????????? ?????????? ?? ??? ?????? ????????, ?? ??????, ?? ????? ??????????? ??? ???? ???????????, ??? ???? ???? ??? ????????? ??? ??? ??? ???????????? ????????.? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ????????? ???? ? ???????????? ????????? ??? ????????. ? ??????? ???? ??????? ????????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ? ????????. ? ????????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ??? ??? ????????? ??? ???????? ??? ??? ??????????? ??? ?????????, ????????? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ???????????? ??? , ???? ? ????????? ??? ? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ???????????.??? ????????????? ????? ??? ????????? ?? ????????? ??? ??????? ??????????? ?? ?????? ??? ???????????.

?� ?????????????� ?????? ???? ? ??????? ??? ?????,??? ???? ? ???????????? ???? ????????? ? ????????????,???????? ?? ????????? ?? ????????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ??? ?????????? ??? ???????????,??? ???? ? ?????????? ???? ??????? ??? ??????????? ??? ??? ?????????? ??? ???????.??? ???????? ? ?????????, ??? ???? ?????? ?????????? ???????, ???????? ??? ?????????? ??? ?????????? ????????, ????????? ??? ???????? ??? ???? ?????????? ???? ????????.?? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ???????? ???? ??????? ??????????. ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ? ??? ??? ???????, ??? ? ??????? ??? ???????? ??? ???????? ???? ??? ???????????.?? ????? ?????????, ?? ??????????, ???? ?????? ??????????? ?????????.?? ?????????????? ???? ??? 7, ??? ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ????????????? ??? ?? ?????????? ??? ??????????? ????? ??????? ???????, ?? ?????????? ??? ??????????. ???? ??? ?????????? ??????? ?? 4 ?????????, ??? ??????, ??? ??? ???????????? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ????????????, ??? ?????????? ????????? ??? ??? ????????? ?? ??????????? ????, ??? ???????, ??? ???? ???????? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ?????, ??? ???????????? ??? ???????????? ??? ??????, ??? ??? ??????, ??? ????????????? ?? ??????? ??? ???????. ????? ??????????? ????????? ???? ?? ???????, ??? ?????????? ???? ?????? ???? ????????, ?? ????????? ??? ????????? ?? ??????? ??????????,?? ??????????, ?? ??????????? ?????????,??? ?? ?????????? ??? ?????????????? ??? ??????? ???????????. ? ????? ??? ????? ?? 1204 ?????????? ??? ??????? ?????????.

??? ????? ??? ??????????? ??????????? ?? ??????????????? ??? ????????, ???? ? ?????? ??????? ???? ???????? ??? ???? ???????? ??? ???????.????? ??? ?? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??????????? ???? ????? ??? ???????? ?????????? ???????.? ?????????? ??? ????????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ? ????? ?????????,??? ??? ????????? ? ???????? ??? ????????????, ? ????? ?????????? ??? ? ??????? ??? ??????, ??? ??????? ????? ????.???? ??? ? ??????????, ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ?????????. ?? ?????????? ????????? ??? ? ??????? ???? ??? ????????? ?????? ???? ???.? ?????????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ????????? ??????? ??????????? ?????????.?? ?????? ??????????? ?????????? ???? ??? ???, ??? ????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ???????? ??????????, ????????? ??? ??????.??? ???????? , ???? ??? 14 ??? ??????, ? ??????? ?????????? ??? ????????, ?????? ?? ????????? ??? ??? ????? ??????????,?????????,??????? ??? ??????????.

???????? ?? ???????? ?????? ???????, ?????? ??? ??????. ????????? ?? ??? ??????? ????, ?? ????? ??????? ??? ???????????.?? ??????? ????? ??? ???????? ???????? ???? ? ??????. ?? ???????? ???? ?????????????? ? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ????????????. ???? ???????????????? ?????? ??? ????????????, ??? ??? 7?�??. ???? ???????? ????? ???????.? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ??? ?????????? ??? ????? ???. ? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ?�, ? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ???????????? ???? ????????, ??? ????? ??????????? ???? ?? ????????? ????? ?????????????.?? ???????????? ????? ????????? ??? ???????? ????,???? ? ??????? ??????????? ???????.???? ?????? ??? ?? ???????????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ????????? ???? ???????????? ?? ???????? ??? ????? ???? ???????????????. ? ???????????? ? ?????????, ????????? ??? ??????? ????????? ??? ??????? ?????????, ?????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ??????????? ?????? , ???? ??? ?????????, ???????? ??? ?? ????????.

???? ????? ?? ?????? ????????? ???? ???????????, ??? ???????, ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ?????????.??????????? ???? ??? ???????,?? ?????????? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ??????????? ??? ???????????? ?????? ??? ????????? ??????.??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????????? ??? ??????, ???? ? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ????????.? ?????????? ????? ??? ??????????? ??? ????????, ?? ???????? ?? ?? ?????? ???????, ???? ? ????? ??? ???????????.???? ?????????? ?? ?????????????? ?????? ??? ????????,?? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????????.